rap1 assay  (Cell Signaling Technology Inc)

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: GDF6 Alleviates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy via AMPKα Signaling Pathway

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13122935

Figure Lengend Snippet: GDF6 activates AMPKα through cyclic AMP/exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1 (cAMP/Epac1) pathway. ( A ) The levels of cAMP and protein kinase A (PKA) activity in PE-stimulated NRVMs with or without GDF6 knockdown. ( B ) The levels of cAMP and PKA activity in PE-stimulated NRVMs with or without rhGDF6 treatment. ( C ) Quantification of cell area in rhGDF6-treated NRVMs with or without adenylyl cyclase (AC) inhibition. ( D ) Rap1-GTP and total Rap1 protein levels in PE-stimulated NRVMs treated with si Gdf6 or rhGDF6. ( E ) AMPKα protein levels in PE-stimulated NRVMs with or without Epac1 silence in the presence or absence of rhGDF6. ( F ) Quantification of cell area. ( G ) Epac1 mRNA levels in NRVMs with or without Epac1 silence. ( H ) Quantification of cell area. ( I ) Epac1 mRNA levels in murine hearts with or without Epac1 silence. ( J ) HW/TL in TAC mice with or without Epac1 silence in the presence or absence of AAV9- Gdf6 . ( K ) Quantification of CSA. ( L ) IVSd and IVSs. ( M ) FS, LVEDd, and LVEDs. n = 6 per group. * p < 0.05 versus matched AAV9- Ctrl -injected TAC mice receiving si Ctrl injection, # p < 0.05 versus matched AAV9- Gdf6 -injected TAC mice receiving si Ctrl injection. In ( A – D , G – I ), * p < 0.05 versus the matched groups. In ( E , F ), * p < 0.05 versus matched si Ctrl -transfected NRVMs with DMSO treatment under PE incubation, # p < 0.05 versus matched si Ctrl -transfected NRVMs with rhGDF6 treatment under PE incubation. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test was applied. In ( A , B , D , G – I ), Student’s two-tailed t -test was performed.

Article Snippet: Active Rap1 Detection Kit (#8818) was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Knockdown, Inhibition, Injection, Transfection, Incubation, Two Tailed Test

Journal: World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

Article Title: Downregulation of uncoupling protein 1 by hypermethylation in gastric cancer activates Rap1 signaling

doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.108760

Figure Lengend Snippet: Uncoupling protein 1 regulates the Rap-1 signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells. A: Volcano plot for differential gene expression; B: The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment of the upregulated genes in the low- Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-expression group; C: Western blot for active and total Rap1 in gastric cancer cells with UCP1 knockdown (left) or overexpression (right). UCP1: Uncoupling protein 1; Ctrl: Control; OE: Overexpression.

Article Snippet: Active Rap1 (GTP-bound) was detected using an active Rap1 detection kit (Cell Signaling Technology, United States).

Techniques: Gene Expression, Expressing, Western Blot, Knockdown, Over Expression, Control